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Android + Arduino + USB Host + Pan Tilt LEDs

Posted by michael on May 2, 2012 in ADB Microbridge, Android, Arduino, Tutorials | 9 comments

Combining analog and digital outputs with Android and Arduino. This tutorial will demonstrate the basics for using two servos to achieve basic basic pan and tilt functionality. In addition, digital control is demonstrated using two LEDs.

For additional background information on interfacing Android with the real world, check out my other introductory tutorials:

Simple Digital Input
Simple Digital Output
Simple Analog Input
Simple Analog Output

Hardware

Parts needed:

Android Device (1.6+)
2x Hobby servos
Pan / tilt bracket assembly
2x LEDs
2x 330 ohm resistors
Breadboard
Power supply
Hook-up wire
Android ADK Board*
– OR –
Arduino compatible and USB Host shield

*Supported boards include:

Google ADK board, Freeduino ADK board , Seeed Studio ADK board, and DIY Drones ADK board

Assembly

Connect the red, power lines of the servos to +5v, the black ground lines to GND, and the yellow signal lines to the desired output pins, 5 and 6 in the example (others can be used, but must be PWM capable). Also, connect the 330 ohm resistors in series with the anodes of the LEDs to the desired digital output pins, and the cathodes of the LEDs to ground. Here is a diagram of the completed circuit (created with Fritzing):

Software

Arduino Firmware

Next, upload the Arduino sketch to the microcontroller. The sketch uses the Microbridge implementation by Niels Brouwers. Microbridge uses Android Debug Bridge (ABD) forwarding over TCP, rather than the official Google Android ADK. You can checkout the source for the Arduino sketch from Github, or just copy and paste the following into the Arduino IDE.

#include <SPI.h> #include <Adb.h> #include <Servo.h> #define LED1 3 #define LED2 4 #define SERVO1 5 #define SERVO2 6 Servo servos[2]; Connection * connection; // Elapsed time for ADC sampling long lastTime; // Event handler for shell connection; called whenever data sent from Android to Microcontroller void adbEventHandler(Connection * connection, adb_eventType event, uint16_t length, uint8_t * data) { // Data packets contain two bytes, first byte is pin number, second byte is state // For servos, in the range of [0..180], for LEDs, 0 or 1 if (event == ADB_CONNECTION_RECEIVE) { int pin = data[0]; switch (pin) { case 0x3: digitalWrite(LED1, data[1]); break; case 0x4: digitalWrite(LED2, data[1]); break; case 0x5: servos[0].write(data[1]); break; case 0x6: servos[1].write(data[1]); break; default: break; } } } void setup() { // Init serial port for debugging Serial.begin(57600); // Attach servos servos[0].attach(SERVO1); servos[1].attach(SERVO2); // Init LEDs pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT); pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT); // Initially on digitalWrite(LED1, 1); digitalWrite(LED2, 1); // Init the ADB subsystem. ADB::init(); // Open an ADB stream to the phone's shell. Auto-reconnect. Use port number 4568 connection = ADB::addConnection("tcp:4567", true, adbEventHandler); } void loop() { // Poll the ADB subsystem. ADB::poll(); }

Android App

Finally, install the Android Demo application onto the device. You can either download the pre-built .apkor checkout the source from Github:

git clone git://github.com/mitchtech/android_adb_pan_tilt_leds.git

Finally upload the app to the device (or browse to this page on the device and download the apk above). Connect the Android device to the USB Host board/shield, and start up the app.

Android + Arduino + USB Host + Serial 4 digit LED

Posted by michael on May 2, 2012 in ADB Microbridge, Android, Arduino, Tutorials | 0 comments

Interfacing a serial display with Android and Arduino. This article will demonstrate communication of a serial 7 segment display, specifically this one: 7-Segment Serial Display – Blue from Sparkfun electronics. The fancy wheel scroller is based on the android-wheel widget from yuri kanivets.

For additional background information on interfacing Android with the real world, check out my other introductory tutorials:

Simple Digital Input
Simple Digital Output
Simple Analog Input
Simple Analog Output

Hardware

Parts needed:

Android Device (1.6+)
7-Segment Serial Display
Hook-up wire
Android ADK Board*
– OR –
Arduino compatible and USB Host shield

*Supported boards include:

Google ADK board, Freeduino ADK board , Seeed Studio ADK board, and DIY Drones ADK board

Assembly

This display can be controlled with either SPI or serial TTL communication. However, since the SPI pins are required for communication with the USB Host, TTL serial must be used (this also requires fewer pins, one instead of three). So, connect the RX pin on the serial display to the serial TX pin on the Arduino (determined by the firmware sketch) and connect GND and VCC on the serial display to ground and+5v respectively. Here is a diagram of the completed circuit (created with Fritzing):

Software

Arduino Firmware

Next, upload the Arduino sketch to the microcontroller. The sketch uses the Microbridge implementation by Niels Brouwers. Microbridge uses Android Debug Bridge (ABD) forwarding over TCP, rather than the Google Android ADK. You can checkout the source for the Arduino sketch from Github, or just copy and paste the following into the Arduino IDE.

#include <SPI.h> #include <Adb.h> #include <SoftwareSerial.h> Connection * connection; // Pins for TTL 4 digit serial display #define rxPin 2 #define txPin 3 SoftwareSerial softSerial = SoftwareSerial(rxPin, txPin); // Event handler for shell connection; called whenever data sent from Android to Microcontroller void adbEventHandler(Connection * connection, adb_eventType event, uint16_t length, uint8_t * data) { // Data packets contain four bytes: one for each digit of LED if (event == ADB_CONNECTION_RECEIVE) { // Output debugging to serial Serial.println("Data Received!"); Serial.println(data[0],DEC); Serial.println(data[1],DEC); Serial.println(data[2],DEC); Serial.println(data[3],DEC); // Get digit values from byte array int thousands = data[0]; int hundreds = data[1]; int tens = data[2]; int ones = data[3]; // Convert into actual value int value = thousands * 1000; value += (hundreds * 100); value += (tens * 10); value += ones; displaySeg(value); // Output result to LED display Serial.println(value,DEC); // Output debugging to serial } } void setup() { // Init serial port for debugging Serial.begin(57600); // Define pin modes for tx, rx pinMode(rxPin, INPUT); pinMode(txPin, OUTPUT); // Set the data rate for the SoftwareSerial port softSerial.begin(9600); //v=0x76. To reset display module softSerial.print("vv"); // Init the ADB subsystem. ADB::init(); // Open an ADB stream to the phone's shell. Auto-reconnect. Use port number 4568 connection = ADB::addConnection("tcp:4567", true, adbEventHandler); } void loop() { // Poll the ADB subsystem. ADB::poll(); } void displaySeg(int mg) { if(mg < 10) { softSerial.print(" "); softSerial.print(mg); } else if(mg < 100) { softSerial.print(" "); softSerial.print(mg); } else if(mg < 1000) { softSerial.print(" "); softSerial.print(mg); } else if(mg < 1000) { softSerial.print(" "); softSerial.print(mg); } else { softSerial.print(mg); } }

Android App

The next step is to install the Android Demo application onto the device. You can either download the pre-built .apk or checkout the source from Github:

git clone git://github.com/mitchtech/android_adb_serial_4_digit_led.git

Finally upload the app to the device (or browse to this page on the the device and download the apk above). Connect the Android device to the USB Host board/shield, and start up the app.

Android + Arduino + USB Host + Swivel Head Android with LEDs

Posted by michael on May 2, 2012 in ADB Microbridge, Android, Arduino, Tutorials | 10 comments

Combining analog and digital outputs with Android and Arduino. This tutorial will demonstrate the basic use of combined digital and analog outputs. The basic hardware is a hobby servo and two LEDs inside of an Android figure. The servo allows Andy Android to rotate 180 degrees.

For additional background information on interfacing Android with the real world, check out my other introductory tutorials:

Simple Digital Input
Simple Digital Output
Simple Analog Input
Simple Analog Output

Hardware

Parts needed:

Android Device (1.6+)
Hobby servo
2x LEDs
2x 330 ohm resistors
Breadboard
Power supply
Hook-up wire
Android ADK Board*
– OR –
Arduino compatible and USB Host shield

*Supported boards include:

Google ADK board, Freeduino ADK board , Seeed Studio ADK board, and DIY Drones ADK board

Assembly

Connect the two LEDs to digital output pins 3 and 4, using a 330 ohm resistor for each in series to limit current. Connect the signal line of the servo to pin 5. Other pins can be used, as long as the servo signal line is capable of PWM (usually has a ~ symbol next to it on the Arduino board) and none interfere with the SPI lines connecting to the USB Host (10 -14 on most). Here is a diagram of the completed circuit (created with Fritzing):

Software

Arduino Firmware

#include <SPI.h> #include <Adb.h> #include <Servo.h> #define LED1 3 #define LED2 4 #define SERVO1 5 Servo servo1; Connection * connection; // Event handler for shell connection; called whenever data sent from Android to Microcontroller void adbEventHandler(Connection * connection, adb_eventType event, uint16_t length, uint8_t * data) { // Data packets contain two bytes, first byte is pin number, second byte is state // For servos, in the range of [0..180], for LEDs, 0 or 1 if (event == ADB_CONNECTION_RECEIVE) { int pin = data[0]; switch (pin) { case 0x3: digitalWrite(LED1, data[1]); break; case 0x4: digitalWrite(LED2, data[1]); break; case 0x5: servo1.write(data[1]); break; default: break; } } } void setup() { // Init serial port for debugging Serial.begin(57600); // Attach servo servo1.attach(SERVO1); // Init LEDs pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT); pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT); // Initially on digitalWrite(LED1, 1); digitalWrite(LED2, 1); // Init the ADB subsystem. ADB::init(); // Open an ADB stream to the phone's shell. Auto-reconnect. Use port number 4568 connection = ADB::addConnection("tcp:4567", true, adbEventHandler); } void loop() { // Poll the ADB subsystem. ADB::poll(); }

Android App

Finally, install the Android Demo application onto the device. You can either download the pre-built .apkor checkout the source from Github:

git clone git://github.com/mitchtech/android_adb_andy_android.git

Finally upload the app to the device (or browse to this page on the device and download the apk above). Connect the Android device to the USB Host board/shield, and start up the app.

Android + Arduino + USB Host + Combination Lock

Posted by michael on May 2, 2012 in ADB Microbridge, Android, Arduino, Tutorials | 1 comment

A simple combination lock with Android and Arduino. The fancy wheel scroller is based on the android-wheel widget from yuri kanivets.

For additional background information on interfacing Android with the real world, check out my other introductory tutorials:

Simple Digital Input
Simple Digital Output
Simple Analog Input
Simple Analog Output

Hardware

Parts needed:

Android Device (1.6+)
Hobby servo
Breadboard
Power supply
Hook-up wire
Android ADK Board*
– OR –
Arduino compatible and USB Host shield

*Supported boards include:

Google ADK board, Freeduino ADK board , Seeed Studio ADK board, and DIY Drones ADK board

Assembly

Simply connect the black line to ground, the red line to +5v, and the yellow signal line to Arduino pin 5 (or other PWM capable pin, usually marked with a ~ symbol). Here is a diagram of the completed circuit (created with Fritzing):

Software

Arduino Firmware

#include <SPI.h> #include <Adb.h> #include <Servo.h> #define SERVO1 5 Servo servo1; Connection * connection; // Event handler for shell connection; called whenever data sent from Android to Microcontroller void adbEventHandler(Connection * connection, adb_eventType event, uint16_t length, uint8_t * data) { // Data packets contain two bytes, first byte is pin number, second byte is state // For servos, in the range of [0..180] if (event == ADB_CONNECTION_RECEIVE) { int pin = data[0]; switch (pin) { case 0x5: servo1.write(data[1]); break; default: break; } } } void setup() { // Init serial port for debugging Serial.begin(57600); // Attach servos servo1.attach(SERVO1); // Init the ADB subsystem ADB::init(); // Open an ADB stream to the phone's shell. Auto-reconnect. Use port number 4568 connection = ADB::addConnection("tcp:4567", true, adbEventHandler); } void loop() { // Poll the ADB subsystem. ADB::poll(); }

Android App

Finally, install the Android Demo application onto the device. You can either download the pre-built .apkor checkout the source from Github:

git clone git://github.com/mitchtech/android_adb_combination_lock.git

Finally upload the app to the device (or browse to this page on the device and download the apk above). Connect the Android device to the USB Host board/shield, and start up the app.

Android + Arduino + USB Host + D-Pad

Posted by michael on May 2, 2012 in ADB Microbridge, Android, Arduino, Tutorials | 1 comment

A simple controller for use as an Android directional pad input accessory. The Arduino based device uses four momentary push buttons to sense digital inputs for up, down, left, and right.

For additional background information on interfacing Android with the real world, check out my other introductory tutorials:

Simple Digital Input
Simple Digital Output
Simple Analog Input
Simple Analog Output

Hardware

Parts needed:

Android Device (1.6+)
4x Push buttons
Breadboard
Power supply
Hook-up wire
Android ADK Board*
– OR –
Arduino compatible and USB Host shield

*Supported boards include:

Google ADK board, Freeduino ADK board , Seeed Studio ADK board, and DIY Drones ADK board

Assembly

Connect one side of each button to ground and the other side to the desired digital input pins. Here is a diagram of the completed circuit (created with Fritzing):

Software

Arduino Firmware

#include <SPI.h> #include <Adb.h> #define BUTTON_LEFT 2 #define BUTTON_UP 3 #define BUTTON_DOWN 4 #define BUTTON_RIGHT 5 Connection * connection; // Bytes for each button state byte b1, b2, b3, b4; // Event handler for shell connection; called whenever data sent from Android to Microcontroller void adbEventHandler(Connection * connection, adb_eventType event, uint16_t length, uint8_t * data) { if (event == ADB_CONNECTION_RECEIVE) { // Unused in this case } } void setup() { // Set pins as input pinMode(BUTTON_UP, INPUT); pinMode(BUTTON_LEFT, INPUT); pinMode(BUTTON_DOWN, INPUT); pinMode(BUTTON_RIGHT, INPUT); // Enable the internal pullups digitalWrite(BUTTON_UP, HIGH); digitalWrite(BUTTON_LEFT, HIGH); digitalWrite(BUTTON_DOWN, HIGH); digitalWrite(BUTTON_RIGHT, HIGH); // Init serial port for debugging Serial.begin(57600); // Init the ADB subsystem. ADB::init(); // Open an ADB stream to the phone's shell. Auto-reconnect. Use port number 4568 connection = ADB::addConnection("tcp:4567", true, adbEventHandler); } void loop() { byte b; byte msg[2]; b = digitalRead(BUTTON_UP); if (b != b1) { msg[0] = BUTTON_UP; msg[1] = b ? 0 : 1; Serial.println(msg[0],DEC); connection->write(2, (uint8_t*)&msg); b1 = b; } b = digitalRead(BUTTON_LEFT); if (b != b2) { msg[0] = BUTTON_LEFT; msg[1] = b ? 0 : 1; Serial.println(msg[0],DEC); connection->write(2, (uint8_t*)&msg); b2 = b; } b = digitalRead(BUTTON_DOWN); if (b != b3) { msg[0] = BUTTON_DOWN; msg[1] = b ? 0 : 1; Serial.println(msg[0],DEC); connection->write(2, (uint8_t*)&msg); b3 = b; } b = digitalRead(BUTTON_RIGHT); if (b != b4) { msg[0] = BUTTON_RIGHT; msg[1] = b ? 0 : 1; Serial.println(msg[0],DEC); connection->write(2, (uint8_t*)&msg); b4 = b; } // Poll the ADB subsystem. ADB::poll(); }

Android App

Finally, install the Android Demo application onto the device. You can either download the pre-built .apk or checkout the source from Github:

git clone git://github.com/mitchtech/android_adb_d_pad.git

Finally upload the app to the device (or browse to this page on the the device and download the apk above). Connect the Android device to the USB Host board/shield, and start up the app.

Android + Arduino + USB Host + Dual Analog Input

Posted by michael on May 2, 2012 in ADB Microbridge, Android, Arduino, Tutorials | 8 comments

Dual analog input with Android and Arduino. This article will demonstrate a basic dual analog USB input accessory.

For additional background information on interfacing Android with the real world, check out my other introductory tutorials:

Simple Digital Input
Simple Digital Output
Simple Analog Input
Simple Analog Output

Hardware

Parts needed:

Android Device (1.6+)
2x Potentiometers
Hook-up wire
Android ADK Board*
– OR –
Arduino compatible and USB Host shield

*Supported boards include:

Google ADK board, Freeduino ADK board , Seeed Studio ADK board, and DIY Drones ADK board

Assembly

Connect one terminal on each pot to ground and the opposite to +5v. Connect the wipers of each to an analog input pin, pins A0 and A1 in the example. Here is a diagram of the completed circuit (created with Fritzing):

Software

Arduino Firmware

Next, upload the Arduino sketch to the microcontroller. The sketch uses the Microbridge implementation by Niels Brouwers. Microbridge uses Android Debug Bridge (ABD) forwarding over TCP, rather than the Google Android ADK. You can checkout the source for the Arduino sketch from Github, or just copy and paste the following into the Arduino IDE.

#include <SPI.h> #include <Adb.h> Connection * connection; // Elapsed time for sensor sampling long lastTime; // Event handler for shell connection; called whenever data sent from Android to Microcontroller void adbEventHandler(Connection * connection, adb_eventType event, uint16_t length, uint8_t * data) { // Unused in this case } void setup() { Serial.begin(57600); // Record time for sensor polling timer lastTime = millis(); // Init the ADB subsystem. ADB::init(); // Open an ADB stream to the phone's shell. Auto-reconnect. Use port number 4568 connection = ADB::addConnection("tcp:4568", true, adbEventHandler); Serial.println("Ready!"); } void loop() { //Check if sensor should be sampled. if ((millis() - lastTime) > 20) { uint16_t data[2]; data[0] = analogRead(A0); data[1] = analogRead(A1); //Send the sensor value to Android as 4 bytes of data. connection->write(sizeof(data),(uint8_t*)&data); // Output debugging to serial Serial.println(data[0],DEC); Serial.println(data[1],DEC); // Update timer for sensor check lastTime = millis(); } // Poll the ADB subsystem. ADB::poll(); }

Android App

The next step is to install the Android Demo application onto the device. You can either download the pre-built .apk or checkout the source from Github:

git clone git://github.com/mitchtech/android_adb_dual_analog_input.git

Finally upload the app to the device (or browse to this page on the device and download the apk above). Connect the Android device to the USB Host board/shield, and start up the app.

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